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Oficial Fila Brasileiro Standard 巴西菲勒 标准 秀才于2012年3月译 ，若有不对之处望朋友指出 ORIGIN : Brazil. 巴西 DATEOF PUBLICATION OF THE ORIGINAL VALID STANDARD : 10.03.2004. 原有有效标准公布日期 UTILIZATION : Watch Dog. 种类：看护犬 护卫犬 CLASSIFICATIONF.C.I.（FIC级别） : Group 2（第二组） Pinscher and Schnauzer-Molossoidbreeds- Swiss Mountain and Cattle Dogs and other breeds. Section 2.1. Molossoidbreeds, Mastiff type. Withoutworking trial. 包括 雪纳瑞 瑞士伯恩山 马氏提夫獒犬类 GENERALAPPEARANCE : Typically a molossoid breed. Powerful bones, rectangular and compactstructure, but harmonious and well proportioned. Displays, together with amassive body, a great amount of concentrated agility which is easilyperceived. Bitches must show a welldefined feminity which clearly distinguishes them from males. 外观：粗壮的骨骼，矩形，结构紧凑，匀称。尽管他的身躯非常的巨大，但反应非常敏捷。母犬表现出的女性化显然是区别于公犬。 IMPORTANTPROPORTIONS :
- The muzzle is slightly shorter than the skull.
- The length of the body, measured from the point of the sternum to the point of buttock, is equal to height at the withers plus 10%.
重要的比例： 口吻部应比头骨短 身体的长度，测量从胸骨点到臀点，是等于肩高加10％。 BEHAVIOUR/TEMPERAMENT : Courage, determination andoutstanding braveness are part of its characteristics. With its owners and family it is docile, obedientand extremely tolerant with children. Its loyalty is proverbial, insistingly seeking the company of itsmaster. One of its characteristics is itsaloofness towards strangers. It displays a calm disposition, distinctiveself-assurance and self-confidence, remaining unperturbed by strange noises orcircumstances. An unsurpassed guardian of properties, it also instinctivelyindulges in big game hunting and cattle herding. 性格： 勇气，决心和杰出的勇敢是其特点的一部分。与它的主人和家庭非常和睦，温顺，并且非常服从，与儿童非常宽容。其忠诚度是众所周知的 其中一个特点是其对陌生人的冷漠和不屑。显示了他是一个拥有冷静的性格，独立 自信，对奇怪的声音或情况表现的泰然自若。他是一个无与伦比的护卫者，并且非常擅长于狩猎和牧牛。 EXPRESSION : In repose it iscalm; noble and full of self-assurance. Never displaying a bored or absent expression. When alert, its expression should reflectdetermination conveyed by a firm, penetrating look. 表情：休憩的时候非常的安静;高贵和充满自信，从没有表现出无聊他很独立 。警惕时，其表现应该是坚定跟果断，表情能够洞穿心灵。 HEAD : The Fila head is big, heavy and massive, always proportionate to thewhole body. From a top view it resemblesa trapezoid figure into which a pear shape is inserted. 头部：菲勒的头部很大，很厚重表现的非常夸张，总是跟全身比例相称的。从头顶看它类似于一个梨形插入到梯形的身躯里。 CRANIALREGION : Skull : The profile of the skull showsa smooth curve from the stop to the occiput, which is well defined andprotuberant specially in puppies. From afront view it is large, broad with the upper line slightly curved. Lateral lines come down almost vertically, ina slight continuous curve narrowing towards the muzzle. Stop : From a front view it ispractically non existent. The mediangroove is slight and runs up smoothly to approximately the centre of theskull. Seen from the side, the stop isonly slightly pronounced and virtually only formed by the well developedeyebrows. 颅部： 头颅：头骨的轮廓，流畅的曲线显示了从顶部到枕骨，这是非常明显的，突起的枕骨特别在小狗的时候非常明显。从前面观察它的头非常大，上线的曲线略微弯曲，侧线几乎垂直下来，至鼻口部分有轻微连续的曲线缩小变窄。 STOP点：根据前面的观点，它几乎是不存在的。中位槽是轻微和流畅的约在头骨的中心。从侧面看，只是稍微明显，在眉毛处形成。 FACIAL REGION :面部区域： Nose : Well developed, broad nostrilsnot occupying entirely the width of the upper jaw. Colour : black. 鼻子：发达，宽阔的鼻孔完全不占据上颚的宽度。 颜色：黑色 Muzzle : Strong, broad anddeep, always in harmony with the skull. Fairly deep at the root but not deeper than long. Seen from above, it is full under the eyes, slightly narrowingtowards the middle of the muzzle and again broadening slightly to the frontline. Seen from the side, the muzzle isstraight or has a Roman line, but never turned up. The front line of the muzzle is almostperpendicular to the bridge of the nose with a slight depression right underthe nose. 鼻口部分：壮，宽和深，与头颅非常协调。相当宽但没有长度那么深。 Lips : The upper lip is thick andpendulous and overlaps the lower lip in a perfect curve; thus the lower line ofthe muzzle is almost parallel to the upper line. The lower lip is tight andfirm to the fangs and from there on it is loose with dented borders ending atthe corners which are always apparent. The muzzle has a good depth at the root but without surpassing thelength. Edges of the lips form a deepinverted “U”. 嘴唇：上唇很厚并且下垂，与重叠的下唇形成一个完美的曲线，鼻口的下行线与上唇线几乎是平行的。下唇紧有坚固的獠牙，从宽松的到凹陷 边界非常明显。鼻口根部有一个很好的深度但没有超过长度。嘴唇的边缘形成了深刻的倒“U”。 Teeth/jaws : The teeth aresignificantly wider than long. Strong and white. Upper incisors are broad attheir root and taper to the edge. Canines are powerful, well set and well apart. The ideal bite is a scissor bite but a levelbite is acceptable. 牙齿：牙齿特点是宽而不是长。强大，白色的。牙齿非常的有力，有序的排列并且很好的分布。上牙的根部从椎体到边缘比较宽。 理想的咬合是剪状咬合，水平咬合是可以接受的。 Eyes : From medium to large size,almond shaped, spaced well apart, medium to deep set. Permissible colours - from dark brown toyellow, always in accordance to the colour of the coat. Due to the loose skin many individuals present drooping lower eyelids which are notconsidered a fault as such a detail accentuate the melancholic expression whichis typical of the breed. 眼睛：从中等到大的体型，杏仁状，好的间距，中等到深的位置。允许的颜色 - 从深褐色到黄色,总是跟毛色一致。由于皮肤松弛，许多眼睑下垂，所表现出的忧郁的神情并不是缺点，这是菲勒典型的品种特征 Ears : Pendant, large, thick,V-shaped. Broad at the base and taperingto the ends. Rounded tips. Attached at the back of the skull, in line withthe eyes when in repose. When roused,the ears are above the original position. The root is oblique, with the front edge higher than the back edge.Falling over the cheeks or folded back showing the inside (rose ear). 耳朵：下垂, 大，厚实，V型。根部宽广到耳尖逐渐变窄。附着在头颅后部，当他在静止时是和眼睛同一条线上的，兴奋警觉时耳朵是在原来位置的上部 。斜的耳根，前边缘高于后边缘 放松时下垂在面颊或折回旁边 （玫瑰耳） NECK : Extraordinarilystrong and muscled giving the impression of a short neck. Slightly curved at the upper side and welldetached from the skull. Dewlaps at thethroat. 脖子：及其粗壮发达的肌肉给人们留下了脖子比较短的印象。上侧微曲到头颅 和头颅有明显的分开。脖子下方咽喉处有大的赘肉塞皮(嗉带)。 BODY : Strong, broad anddeep, covered by thick and loose skin. The thorax is longerthan the abdomen. 体型：菲勒的身体强壮，宽阔，厚实，被松散的皮肤所包裹。 胸部长于腹部。 Topline : Withers, insloping line, are set well apart from each other due to the distance betweenthe shoulder blades. Withers are setlower than the croup. After the withers,the upper line changes direction, ascending smoothly to the croup. Back line shows no tendency to sway or roachback. 上肢：肩，斜线，由于肩胛骨之间的距离被分开,肩低于臀部。背部上线逐渐改变方向顺利上升提高到臀部(后驱高于前驱)。背线没有高低起伏。 Loin/Flanks : Shorter and not sodeep as the thorax, showing distinctly the separation of the two componentparts. In females the lower part of theflank is more developed. Seen from above,the loin is narrower than the thorax and croup but should not form a waistline. 腰/侧面：短，没有胸部深，腰和胸呈现出明显的两个组成部分。母狗的侧翼下部比较发达。腰比胸部和臀部窄，但不应该形成腰线。 Croup : Broad, long, sloping at angleof approximately 30 degrees to the horizontal and ending in a smooth curve. Thecroup is set a little higher than the withers. From a back view, the croup is ample almost as wide as the chest and canbe even broader for females. 臀部：宽，长，与水平线成约30度倾斜，在光滑的曲线结束。臀部略高于肩。从背后看，臀部丰满几乎和胸部一样宽，母狗的臀部甚至比公狗还要宽。 Chest : Well sprung ribs though notinterfering with the position of shoulder. Deep and broad chest reaching to the level of the elbows. Well pronounced brisket. 胸部：胸部支撑良好的肋骨不影响肩膀位置。又深又宽的胸延伸到肘部位置。显现出胸部肌肉。 Lower line : A long chest andparallel to the ground in all its extension. Slightly tucked up but never whippety. 底线（腹部）：长的腹部线跟地面一样平行。 TAIL : Very wide at theroot, medium set, tapering rapidly to reach the hocks. When the dog is alert,the tail is raised high and the curve at the extremity is moreaccentuated. Should not be carriedcurled over the back nor touch it. 尾巴：尾根较粗，至尾巴尖逐渐缩小。当狗警惕时，尾巴会高高抬起，下肢线条更加突出。尾巴卷曲时不应从背后触摸 LIMBS 肢体 FOREQUARTERS : The length of theleg, from the ground to the elbow, should be half of the height from the groundto the withers. 前驱：腿的长度，从地面到肘部, 应该是从地面到肩高度的一半 Shoulder : The shoulderstructure should be composed by two bones of equal length (scapula andhumerus); the former at 45 degrees to the horizontal and the latter 90 degrees to the scapula. The scapla-humerus articulation forms thepoint of shoulder which is situated at the same level but slightly behind thepoint of sternum. In the ideal position,the point of shoulder should be half way from elbow to withers. An imaginary perpendicular line coming downfrom the withers should cut the elbow and reach the foot. 肩：肩结构应当由两块长度相等（肩胛骨和肱骨）的骨头组成，前者在45度的左右，后者90度。肱骨关节形成肩点，坐落在同一水平，但略逊于胸骨点。 Forearm : The limbs must beparallel. Strong and straight bones. 前部：四肢必须平行。骨骼强壮，垂直 Carpal joint (wrist) : Strong andapparent. 腕关节（脚腕）：粗壮 明显 Metacarpus (pastern) : Short, slightlysloping. 掌骨：短，略微倾斜 Feet : Strong and well arched toesnot too close together. The dog standson thick toes and pads which are long, broad and deep. In the correct position, the feet shouldpoint forward. Strong, dark nails; whitenails permissible when the corresponding toes are white. 脚部：脚趾强壮有力呈圆拱形分布，相互有间距并非紧密的连在一起，当狗站立时，厚实的脚趾和脚掌是长，宽和深。在正确的位置脚应该向前。强壮，黑色的指甲；白色脚趾对应的白色趾甲是允许的 。 HINDQUARTERS : Less heavy bonedthan forelegs but never appearing thin compared to the overall build. Hindlegs are parallel. 后驱：没有前驱那么粗壮，但应该健壮，后肢平行 Upper thigh : Broad with curvedoutline shaped by strong muscles coming from the ilium and ischium which designthe curve of the buttocks and for this reason the ischium must have a goodlength. 大腿：宽弧形并有着结实的肌肉，从臀部起应该有很好的曲线，坐骨有很好的长度髂骨宽阔 Tarsus (hock) : Strong. 跗关节（飞节）：强健。 Metatarsus (Rear pastern) : Slightly sloping, longer than the metacarpus. Moderately angled stifle and hock. 跖骨（后脚腕）：略微倾斜，比掌骨长。
Feet : A little more oval than theforefeet but the otherwise identical. Should not present dewclaws. 脚：有点椭圆，不应出现狼爪 GAIT/MOVEMENT : Long andelastic feline-like strides whose principal characteristic is the pace; a two beat lateral gait in which the legs ofeach side move back and forth exactly as a pair (“camel’s pace” or amble)causing a rolling or rocking motion of the thorax and hips accentuated by thetail when carried erect. When walking,it carries the head lower than the back line. The trot is smooth, free andeffortless with a long, powerful and reaching stride. The gallop is powerful,attaining unsuspected speed for such a large and heavy dog. Due to its articulations, typical ofmolossoids, the Fila’s movements not only give the impression but actuallyallow him to make sudden and rapid changes of direction. 步伐/步态：像猫科动物走路有弹性，一侧的两腿同时向前，交叉进行，像骆驼步，行走时，背线较低与头部，小跑时步伐轻松，身体流畅，且步幅较大。奔跑时强大有力，不显得沉重，善于突然加速，和转向，并有着强大的爆发力 SKIN : One of the mostimportant breed characteristics is the thick, loose skin over the whole body,chiefly at the neck forming pronounced dewlaps and many times it can extend tothe brisket and abdomen. Someindividuals present a fold at the sides of the head, also at the withersrunning down to the shoulders. If the dog is in repose, the head should be freefrom wrinkles. When alert, the dograises its ears and the contraction of the skin on the skull forms smalllongitudinal wrinkles between the ears. 皮肤：毛短且厚密，全身皮肤松弛，脖颈不应该有很松弛的愫袋，顺延到胸部及腹部，狗静止休息时头部没有褶皱，警惕时，耳朵和颅骨上的皮肤收缩使得两耳之间有纵向的皱纹 COAT HAIR : Short, smooth, dense and closeto the body. 被毛：短，光滑，致密，紧贴身体 COLOUR : Any solid coloursare permitted except the disqualifying ones. Brindles with a solidcoat and more or less dark stripes. A black mask may or may not bepresent. In all permitted colours whitemarks are allowed on the feet, chest and tip of tail. White markings on other parts of the coat areconsidered a fault. 毛色：不合格的颜色除外，任何纯色都是允许的。深色或淡色的虎斑纹，但不允许是斑点。 黑色面罩（脸庞）可以有或则没有。在所有允许的颜色中，白色标记存在于脚部，胸部和尾巴尖是允许的。其他部位的白色属于失格。 SIZEAND WEIGHT : 尺寸和重量： Height at withers : Fila Brasileiro Males: from 65 cm (25.6 ins) to 75 cm (29.5 ins) at the shoulder. Fila BrasileiroBitches : from 60 cm (23.6 ins) to 70 cm (27.5 ins) atthe shoulder. 肩高： 菲勒公：肩高：65 cm (25.6 ins) to 75 cm (29.5 ins); 菲勒母：肩高：60 cm (23.6 ins) to 70 cm (27.5 ins) Weight : Fila Brasileiro Males : minimum : 50 kgs (100 pounds). Fila Brasileiro Bitches : minimum : 40 kgs (80 pounds). 重量： 菲勒公：不低于50 kgs (100 pounds). 菲勒母：不低于40 kgs (80 pounds). FAULTS : Any departure from the foregoing points should beconsidered a fault and the seriousness with which the fault should be regardedshould be in exact proportion to its degree. 失格：任何与上述特征不一致的定性为失格 SERIOUS FAULTS : 严重缺陷： Short muzzle. 短鼻腔 Small ears. 小耳朵 Highly set ears. 耳位较高 Excessively lightcoloured eyes. 眼仁色素过浅 Wrinkles when the dogis in repose. 狗静止时面部褶皱 Undershot bite. 地包天 Double chin (folds infront of dewlap). 双下巴 Sway back. 脊柱前突 Very narrow croup. 臀部狭窄 Curled tail carriedover the back. 卷曲的尾巴尖在背部开展 Chest insufficientlydeep. 胸部不够深 Pronounced deviationof pastern or rear pastern. 踝部外拐
- Over angulated hindquarters (sickle hocks). 罗圈腿
- Short steps (poor reach). 步幅小
VERY SERIOUS FAULTS : 非常严重的缺陷： Apathy and timidity. 冷漠胆怯 Square build. 方形的身体结构 Small head. 头小 Pronounced stop seenfrom the front. Short upper lip. 很短的上唇 Protruding eyes. Round eyes. Lack of pigmentation on eyelids. 眼睛突出，圆形的眼睛，上眼睑色素缺乏 Lack of 2 teethexcept PM1 (first premolars). 少两个牙，除了第一个臼齿 Lack of dewlaps. 塞皮少 Roach back or levelback. 背部拱起或平行 Excessive tuckup. Light bones. Lack of substance. 骨量小，看着单薄 Cow hocks. 后腿部外八 Lack of angulation atthe hindquarters (straight hocks). 后躯的角度缺乏（直肢） White markingsexceeding 1/4th (one fourth) of the body. 白色斑纹超过身体1/4th（四分之一） Height exceeding themaximum. 身高超标 ELIMINATING FAULTS : 直接出局 Aggressive or overlyshy. 攻击或者过于害羞 Flesh-coloured nose. 肉色鼻子 Overshot bite. 上颚突出 Undershot bite withteeth visible when the mouth is closed. 下颚突出，且在嘴闭合时，有牙外露 Lack of 1 canine or 1molar except the 3rd one. 缺少一颗犬齿或臼齿 Wall eyes. 白星眼 Cropped ears ordocked tail. 被修耳或断尾 Croup lower than thewithers. 臀部比肩低 Dog not walking at camel’space. 不走骆驼步 Skin not loose andsupple. 皮肤不够松弛柔软 All dogs which arewhite, mouse-grey, carrying small or large marks; black and tan, blue. 所有白色、鼠灰色、或带有大小不一的色斑，黑褐色及蓝色的菲勒 Height inferior tothe minimum. 身高达不到要求。 Cryptorchids ormonorchids, use of artificial methods to produce certain effects, albinism,lack of type. 隐睾、单睾，白化病，以及一切为达目的而使用人工手段的行为，
Any dog clearlyshowing physical or behavioural abnormalities shall be disqualified. 任何菲勒，如果明显的表现出身体及行为的异常，即失格。
N.B. : Male animalsshould have two apparently normal testicles fully descended into the scrotum. 雄性动物应该有两个明显的正常睾丸
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发表于 2013-8-30 15:34:02
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