美国斗牛犬，BULLY型与标准型的区别。飞跃斗牛犬浅谈。

飞跃斗牛犬

       最近比较忙，没怎么上论坛。昨天忽略的翻看了一下论坛的帖子，一些朋友比较疑惑，美牛的两个形态，这里也可以说是叫做美国斗牛犬的两个品种。为什么这么说是叫做美国斗牛犬的两个品种。下面我以四点来分别阐述我的观点。飞跃斗牛犬QQ178591557.有需要了解bully型美国斗牛犬的朋友，可以加我QQ咨询。
1.美国斗牛犬，两个类型的诞生。概括为，同一基础上添加不同品种，通过几十年的定型培育，诞生了两个不同的品种。
第二次世界大战后，原始的美国斗牛犬数量急剧减少，面临绝种的的危险。二战退伍老兵，杰森.D.约翰逊先生经过不断的育种和赛选，培育出现代粗犷护卫型美国斗牛犬（bully type）的基础。与此同时，一位叫艾伦.斯科特的年轻人，在约翰逊先生育种的一些基础上加入了更多善于打猎的老血系美国斗牛犬的血液。从而培育出标准型美国斗牛犬（Standard type）的基础。粗犷护卫型美国斗牛犬和标准型美国斗牛犬是两个截然不同的类型。

2.外形上的区别。细说如下：



      通常，我们（全世界美牛人）把bully型也称作johnson（约翰逊）型，以祭奠bully型美国斗牛犬的创始人杰森.D.约翰逊先生。一些也称作这一型为Classic（经典）型。目前国内都是这一型号。也就是粗壮的，夸张的，大头，圆头，短吻，结实的肌肉，厚重，大骨量。如图所示：

BULLY型美国斗牛犬，雄性成犬
BULLY型美国斗牛犬，雌性成犬

             standard（标准型）美国斗牛犬，也称作Scott型，为纪念标准型美国斗牛犬的创始人艾伦.斯科特。标准型美国斗牛犬体型矫健，更具有运动能力。标准型美国斗牛犬外形酷似一只大号反剪咬合的比特犬。如图所示：

标准型美国斗牛犬，雄性成犬
标准型美国斗牛犬，雌性成犬


下面是两个标准型美国斗牛犬的视频。标准型美国斗牛犬的外形和bully型美国斗牛犬的外形完全不同。视频密码117321




3.各大美国斗牛犬协会对bully型美国斗牛犬和标准型美国斗牛犬的标准作出了明确的定义。他们是不同的标准。这是最有说服力的证据。以下是引用国外知名美牛协会对两形态（叫做美国斗牛犬的两个品种）的美国斗牛犬标准的阐述。

4.bully型美国斗牛犬，长用作为守护，护卫，等工作。标准型美国斗牛犬长用作为狩猎。这是他们身体结构导致的不同工作用途，bully型美国斗牛犬肌肉更强壮，爆发力更大，力量更足，长用于护卫等工作。标准型美国斗牛犬体重更轻，耐力更好，长用作于打猎。
ABRA协会，全名American Bulldog Registry and  Archives。全世界最大的美国斗牛犬协会。网络连接如下http://www.abra1st.com/breed-standard/
ABRA协会对两个BULLY型和标准型外形上的概述：

American Bulldog Breed Standard

The American Bulldog is an athletic, temperamentally sound medium to large sized dog that possesses great strength, agility and confidence. The expression should reflect intelligence and alertness. The sturdy and powerful yet compact frame is characteristically stockier and heavier boned in the males and more refined in the females. Some aloofness with strangers and assertiveness towards other dogs is accepted. However, an American Bulldog should not be excessively timid, shy or aggressive towards man and preferably not overly aggressive with other dogs. Due to its distinctive physical and mental characteristics along with its natural desire to be the total companion and working dog, an American Bulldog should never be confused with uniquely different breeds such as the American Staffordshire Terrier or the American Pit Bull Terrier.
Size-General: Males should range from 24 to 27 inches at the withers and weigh between 90 and 110 pounds. Females should range from 22 to 25 inches at the withers and weigh between 70 and 90 pounds. Weight should be proportional to height and body type. A dog should be well conditioned and not overweight or underweight.

Standard: A leaner and more athletic dog in appearance.

Classic: A larger and more powerful dog in appearance.

Color: Solid or varying degrees of white, all shades of brindle, brown, red, or tan are acceptable. Solid black, black and tan, and/or any degree of merle is unacceptable. A full black mask is not acceptable. **Merle is a dilution of overall body color (black or red) with splotches of darker color giving the effect of “merling” or “marbling” not to be confused with Brindle that gives the effect of “striping”.
Coat: Short, less than one inch in length varying from soft to stiff. Long, feathering, or fuzzy coats are unacceptable.
Head: The head should be relatively large and broad in proportion to the size and overall structure of the dog. It should be flat on top giving a squared appearance. There is a defined furrow between the eyes with a distinct, deep stop. The head is well-muscled throughout with prominent cheeks. An excessively narrow head is unacceptable in both types.
Standard: Generally box shaped to wedge in appearance with a slightly shallower stop and less wrinkles.
Classic: Generally box shaped to round in appearance with a more definitive stop and heavier wrinkles.
Eyes: The eyes should be round or almond shape, medium sized, and wide set. Black or dark brown is the preferred color. Other colors are accepted. Black eye rim pigment preferred. Crossed and/or nonsymmetrical eyes are unacceptable.
Muzzle: The muzzle should be relatively broad and square. The large jaws are well-muscled, displaying great strength. Lips are full but not pendulous. Black pigment lining lips preferred. An excessively narrow muzzle is unacceptable in both types.
Standard: muzzle should be 30% to 40% of the overall length of head.
Classic: muzzle should be 25% to 35% of the overall length of head.
Teeth: The teeth should number 42 to 44 and large in size is preferred. Working dogs should not be penalized for broken teeth. Should medical removal of teeth be needed, documentation and verification by a veterinarian is requested.
Bite:
Standard: Reverse scissors is preferred. Moderate underbite, scissors or even bite is acceptable.
Classic: Undershot 1/4 to ½ inch preferred. Even bite is not preferred. Scissors bite is unacceptable.
Both types: Teeth should not be visible when the mouth is closed.
Nose: Black is the preferred color. A red, brown, or grizzle nose is acceptable. A pink or dudley nose is unacceptable.
Ears: The ears should be medium in size and may be either forward flap or rose, with no preference. Cropped ears is unacceptable.
Neck: The neck should be very muscular and medium in length. The neck should taper from shoulder to head and be slightly arched.
Shoulders: The shoulders should be well-muscled with good definition and wide sloping blades giving the appearance of great strength.
Chest: The chest should be deep and moderately wide giving the appearance of power and athletic ability. The front, overall, should be straight and well balanced. The chest should not be narrow or excessively wide nor should the elbows be angled out or pulled in.
Body: The body should be compact and moderately short while powerful and athletic in appearance. Well balanced. There should be a good spring of ribs with the loin moderately tucked. The body should not be excessively long.
Back: The back should be broad and moderately short in length showing great strength. Slight roach over loins. The back should not be narrow or swayed.
Standard: Straighter more level topline is preferred.
Classic: Appearance of being slightly higher in the rear is preferred.
Legs: The legs should be strong and straight with moderate to heavy bone. Well-muscled front and back. The rear legs should be moderately angulated and parallel. There should not be an excess of or lack of angulation in the rear legs. Excessively bow-legged or cow hocked is unacceptable.
Hindquarters: The hindquarters should be thick with well-defined muscles. Not as wide as shoulders, but well-balanced. The hips should not be narrow or lacking in muscle definition.
Tail: The tail is set low, thick at base and tapering to a point. The tail should reach the hocks in a relaxed position. Docked tails are considered a cosmetic fault.. The tail should not end in a complete circle.
Feet: The feet should be of moderate size with toes well arched and close together. The feet should not be splayed.
Gait: The American Bulldog should move with speed, agility, and power with a definite spring to the step. All legs move parallel to direction of travel, with front legs clearly reaching and the rear legs propelling the dog forward. The legs should not travel excessively wide. Front legs and/or rear legs crossing is unacceptable.
Standard: A tighter, more athletic gait.
Classic: A rolling gait is acceptable.

*Note: Males without two testicles, dogs that are deaf, and dogs that have been spayed or neutered are not allowed to compete in the conformation ring. Females in estrus are not to be shown in the conformation classes and are not allowed in the proximity thereof.


NKC协会对美国斗牛犬两个型号标准的阐述。连接地址http://www.nationalkennelclub.com/Breed-Standards/ab-standard.htm

The basic breed standard for the American Bulldog changed very little, there was several disqualifications in the standards that we felt should  not have been disqualifications.  After reviewing the standards, changes were made to the disqualifications making most of them either a cosmetic fault or serious fault.  Now the only disqualifications in the American breed standards for conformation are:  extreme viciousness or shyness, in the dogs bite (both types) parrot mouth or closed mouth with visible teeth, color - blue, any dog that has been spayed or neutered, male dogs that do not have 2 visible testicles, and blindness or deafness.  The changes that were made was in the allow weights for both types of dogs, the size of the bite of the dog.  Clarification was made for the allowable color of dogs, fault for the muzzle being full continues black mask, any eye color other than brown is a cosmetic fault, males that do not have 2 visible testicles, and females in heat are not to be shown or allowed in the proximity.   We hope by eliminating most of the disqualifications and by clarifying  some of the questions that have come from the standards, more dogs will be able to participate successfully in the Conformation Shows with out the question that their dog wasn't judged properly.  There was a lot of time and consideration put into these changes to better the current standard we have for American Bulldogs.

Historically the American Bulldog was bred to be a “farm utility dog” that was used for farm work.  They were also very much a part of the family, and were instrumental in personal and property protection as well.

General Appearance:

The American Bulldog is a well balanced, short-coated, muscular and athletic animal. American Bulldogs display great strength, endurance, and agility. Males are characteristically larger, heavier boned and more masculine than the females.

Temperament:

American Bulldogs should be alert, outgoing and confident. Aloofness with strangers is acceptable.

Some assertiveness toward other dogs is not considered a fault, however; dogs may be dismissed at the judge’s discretion for disrupting their class.

Faults: Overly aggressive or excessively shy.  All dogs must be physically examined by the judge, any dog refusing to allow physical inspection by either shying away or becoming vicious may be disqualified depending on the severity.

Disqualifications

Extreme viciousness or shyness:

Shyness - A dog shall be judged fundamentally shy if, refusing to stand for examination, it shrinks away from the judge; if it fears an approach from the rear; if it shies at sudden and unusual noises to a marked degree. Note: Puppies should not be faulted severely here. With maturity and socialization confidence should increase.

Viciousness - A dog that attacks, or attempts to attack either the judge or its handler unprovoked, is definitely vicious. An aggressive or belligerent attitude towards other dogs shall not be deemed vicious.

Size:

Standard Type:  Ideal standard males should measure between 23 to 27 inches at the withers and weigh from 75 to 115 pounds. Females; 21 to 25 inches, 60 to 85 pounds.

Bully Type:  Ideal bully males should measure between 23 to 27 inches at the withers and weigh 80 to 125 pounds. Females; 22-26 inches 60 to 105 pounds.

Note:  The overall proportion of the dog is of utmost importance when evaluating weight.

Head:

The head should be broad, flat on top squared appearance with a well defined stop. It should also be medium in length with pronounced muscular cheeks.

Standard Type: A box or wedge shape is preferred.  

Bully Type: A larger rounder shape is ideal.

Muzzle:

The muzzle should be broad with wide-open nostrils. The muzzle should be wider at the base and taper to the nose.  The lips should be full with black pigmentation; some pink allowed. The chin is well defined and must not overlap the upper lip nor covered it.

Standard Type: Muzzle should be medium in length 2 to 4 inches. It should also be 35% to 45% of the overall length of the head.

Bully Type: Muzzle should be broad 2 to 3 inches in length and should be 25% to 35% of the overall length of head.

Faults: Pendulous Lips, Narrow muzzle, and Full continuous black mask.  

Note: The muzzle should be in proportion to head size & type.

Nose:

Preferred nose color is Black.  

Cosmetic Faults: Any nose color other than black.  Red, brown, pink, dudley, or grizzle colors will occur but are considered cosmetic faults.

Dentition (Bite):

Teeth should be medium to large and should not be visible when mouth is closed. Lips are moderately thick; black pigment lining the lips is preferred; with some pink allowed.

Standard Type: A tight undershot (reverse scissors) preferred.  Undershot up to ½ inch acceptable, plus or minus 1/8 inch is acceptable with no visible teeth.

Bully Type: ¼ - ½ inch “Undershot” depending on size of dog and shape of skull.  Plus or minus 1/8 inch is acceptable with no visible teeth.

Faults: Small teeth or uneven incisors.

Disqualification (both types): Parrot mouth or closed mouth with visible teeth.

Bully Type Serious Fault: Even, level, scissor bite, overshot, or wry mouth.

Standard Type Serious Fault: Undershot over ¾ inch, overshot, or wry mouth.

Note: American Bulldogs are a working breed and should not be penalized for broken or missing teeth.

Eyes:

Almond-shaped to round, medium-sized.

Color: Brown eye color is preferred.

The haw should not be visible.  Black pigment is preferred; all other colors of pigmentation are considered cosmetic faults.

Cosmetic Faults:  Any eye color other than brown, both eyes that do not matched in color, pink eye rims, or excessive haw visible.

Serious faults: Crossed or non-symmetrical eyes.

Ears:

The ears should be set high on the head, medium in size may be drop, semi-prick, or rose.

Faults: Cropped ears. Hound Ears.

Neck:

Slightly arched, very muscular, and of moderate length, tapering from shoulders to head.

Bully Type: Neck is almost equal to the head in size.

Faults: neck too short and thick; thin or weak neck.

Body:

Wide, deep chest; fairly compact, straight and well balanced.  The chest should not be narrow or excessively wide, nor should the elbows be angled out or pulled in.  The back should be broad and moderately short, showing great strength.

Faults: The back should not be narrow, excessively long or swayed.

Note: The degree of fault will depend on how it affects the dogs “working” ability and movement.

Forequarters:

The chest should be deep and moderately wide giving the appearance of power and athletic ability. The front, overall, should be straight and well balanced. The chest should not be narrow or excessively wide.

Faults: Upright or loaded shoulders; elbows turned outward or tied-in; down at the pasterns; front legs bowed; wrists knuckled over; toeing in or out.

Hindquarters:

Broad, well muscled with muscles tapering well to the leg to manifest speed and strength, but not quite as large as at the shoulders.  There should not be an excess or lack of angulation in the rear legs.

Serious Faults: Narrow or weak hindquarters, weak pasterns, cow hocks, open hocks, or bowed legs.

Legs:

The legs should be strong and straight with moderate to heavy bone. Front legs should not set too close together or too far apart. Pasterns should be strong, straight and upright. The rear legs should be moderately angulated and parallel.

Serious Faults: Excessively Bow-Legged in the front, weak pasterns, cow hocks, open hocks, bowed legs in the rear.

Feet:

The feet are round, medium in size; toes are well arched, and tight.

Faults: Splayed feet or crooked toes.

Tail:

Strong at the root tapering to the hocks, in a relaxed position, the tail can be carried back when excited.  A "pump handle" tail is preferred but any tail carried from upright, when the dog is excited, to relaxed between the hocks is acceptable. The tail should not end in a complete circle.

Faults: Tail curled over the back; corkscrew tail, kinked or crooked tail.

Note:  Natural tails preferred, docked tails acceptable but will be considered a cosmetic fault.

Gait:

The gait should be “balanced and smooth”, showing great speed, agility and power.  The dog should not travel excessively wide, and as speed increases the feet move toward the centerline of the body to maintain balance. The top line remains firm and level, parallel to the line of motion.

Faults: Legs not moving on the same plane; legs over reaching; legs crossing over in front or rear; front or rear legs moving too close or touching; pacing; paddling; side winding.

Note:  The Bully type gait will have a slight degree of less reach, flexibility, and spring than that of a Standard Type.

Coat:

Short and smooth.

Serious Fault: Long and fuzzy coats.

Color:

Solid white, or any color pattern including black, red, brown, fawn and all shades of brindle.

Faults: Any degree of merle.

Disqualification: Blue Color.

Disqualifications:

Any dog that has been spayed or neutered.

Male dogs that do not have 2 visible testicles.

Blindness or deafness.

Cosmetic Faults: A cosmetic fault is one of a minor nature. A fault not specified as cosmetic has to do with structure as it relates to a working dog.

Structural Faults: These faults pertain to the dogs actual structure and fundamental movement. These faults are weighted as to how they hinder the dogs' ability to work.

Note:  Features that are disqualified or faulted in the show ring, are in no way is meant to disqualify the dog from “working events”, or to take away any credit the dog might have as a “working dog”.  

Females in heat are not to be shown in the conformation classes and are not allowed in the proximity thereof.

高大上百科，维基百科对美国斗牛犬两个型号的阐述,连接地址 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Bulldog

UKC对美国斗牛犬两个型号的阐述，连接地址 http://www.ukcdogs.com/Web.nsf/Breeds/AmericanBulldog10012009

另外ABKC，ABNA，等等协会，都对两个型号的美国斗牛犬有详细阐述，他们是叫bully型美国斗牛犬和标准型美国斗牛犬的两个品种。希望通过以上概述，可以帮助有疑惑的朋友。目前国内正规渠道进口的，血统清晰的，都为bully型美国斗牛犬。希望以后国内能有血统清晰的标准型美国斗牛犬进口回来。

重庆斗牛犬

有能力的朋友希望帮忙翻译下，给大家带来更多的方便，也感谢飞跃的详细介绍

张七

看帖顶贴是美德！拿分走人！

三郎猛犬

看帖顶贴是美德

沙特娘娘

顶起.................

机车爬虫

顶顶顶    学习了

对白

约翰逊型的常见也好辨别    标准的  不是玩家真不会辨别      斯塔福   杜高    卡串  什么的   一般人真会搞错

飞跃斗牛犬

对白 发表于 2015-5-16 17:01
约翰逊型的常见也好辨别    标准的  不是玩家真不会辨别      斯塔福   杜高    卡串  什么的   一般人真会 ...

标准型，首先是反剪咬合甚至正常咬合。还有就是看嘴巴和头颅的比例.嘴巴宽度和头颅宽度比例，嘴巴长度和头颅长度的比例。标准型美国斗牛犬的一些特征更接近于梗类犬。标准型美国斗牛犬，斗牛犬的特征比较稀少，近乎于没有斗牛犬特征。这要看牙齿才知道了。详细可QQ私聊。

wgj123

专业级的来了；哈哈

御虎

顶顶顶    学习了

黔西南猛犬控

学习了，谢谢，辛苦了！

浙江多多

路过看看，，好狗，顶一下，顺便挣点分

胡小二

每日一顶，好贴，加油，一起推广美牛！

516618227

{:4_96:}{:4_96:}

songshijie

！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！

guo31668

赞 ！ 长知识了

harry7726

很漂亮，很灵光。。。。。。。。。。。。{:4_91:}

罗威黑煞

{:4_93:}{:4_93:}

沙特娘娘

专业级的来了；哈哈

liao.leo

長知識了!必須頂